Managing Finances in Times of Disaster
As the process of healing and rebuilding continues ever so slowly in areas ravaged by Hurricane Harvey and Hurricane Irma, many of us are taking a closer look at our own lives. While most of us don’t live in hurricane-prone areas, we are all reminded of the possibility of disaster knocking at our door. Mother Nature may provide the most striking examples with hurricanes, earthquakes and tsunamis, but a house fire, car accident, serious illness, flooding or a lost job could prove just as devastating.
We all hope it never does, but if disaster should strike, finances are the last thing you’ll want to worry about. You can make it easier on yourself, and your loved ones, if your finances are in order. Disaster-proof your finances with a budget. Here are a few suggestions to help in the same
Create a Monthly Spending Plan
The US Bureau of Economic Analysis estimates that personal savings as a percentage of disposable personal income has been less than 4 percent in 2017. If you’re on par for average here, you probably won’t need to wait for Mother Nature to create a disaster, you’re creating your own.
Create a Budget, and Stick to It
Since budgets are in that same category as diets – most of us begin one every January and are done by February – you need to find one that works for you in order to stick with it. For most of us, that means finding a software program that is automatic and able to easily track transactions from multiple checking accounts, debit cards and credit cards. But even if you use cash and the paper envelope method of budgeting, create a spending plan, and stick to it. Make sure you set aside some money for personal spending for those impulse buys. This will give you some freedom without negatively affecting your overall plan.
Back up your Financial Records, or use a Web-based System
If you are not taking advantage of the Internet to track and control your finances, you may be taking an unnecessary gamble. PC-based systems, as well as paper, can be destroyed in a disaster. In a column for the Baltimore Sun, titled “Flood might destroy your PC, but not off-site backup files,” Mike Himowitz described how even a broken water pipe or a small house fire could destroy your computer, and the records held on it.
“More importantly, with online banking, you can access your account and pay bills from any PC that has an Internet connection,” stated Himowitz. “One of the main concerns voiced by those who fled their homes to escape Hurricane Katrina is that they have no access to their money and no physical way to pay their bills. With online transactions, your physical location – and the location of the PC you’re using – no longer matter.”
Himowitz suggests that using a storage company to provide online backup, although pricey, can be a wise investment. However, for far less money, you can also use a secure online spending management program, like Mvelopes Personal (www.mvelopes.com). It will help track and control your finances, and pay your bills from any computer with an Internet connection – and you don’t have to worry about expensive backup storage.
Create an Emergency Fund
Set aside the equivalent of three to six months’ living expenses in an emergency fund.
An easily accessible emergency fund is one of the single most important things you can do for your financial wellbeing. In the event that disaster strikes, if you don’t have enough set aside to cover basic living expenses, including mortgage, food, and car payments, things could quickly go from bad to worse.
If setting aside this much money seems unattainable, start small. Cut out those daily trips to the vending machine. You’ll be amazed how quickly the money adds up. Use cash gifts, tax refunds and annual bonuses to build your fund. When you set up your monthly spending plan, include a contribution to your emergency fund, and make it automatic.
Your emergency fund needs to be easily accessible. That means in a savings or money market account, not real estate investments or stocks. Select an account with no service fees, which can be as high as $100 a year. Also, make sure you are getting a good interest rate – many online banks, like NetBank, EverBank or EmigrantDirect, currently have savings accounts paying three to four percent – that uses an average daily balance instead of minimum daily balance.
This account should only be used for real emergencies, not holiday spending sprees or other indulgences. If you do draw from the account, make repaying it a top priority.
Give to Those Less Fortunate
Don’t overlook the importance of this one. Overspending all too often comes from our desire – not our need – for more stuff. Giving to charity helps keep those needs and wants in perspective, and in the right category. And if disaster strikes your door, won’t you be hoping others are doing the same? If you are unable to give any money, donate some of your time. Call your local government, or check www.unitedway.org for opportunities in your area.
Create a Trust and/or a Will
This is one that most people avoid, but by doing it now, you will be taking care of your loved ones. Most people should have both a trust and a will, but you should talk with an estate planner to see which is right for your situation.
Most people believe that a will is all they need. For some that may be true, but it can also force your loved ones to go through a costly and difficult court proceeding, called probate, to get your wishes carried out. A trust usually avoids much of the expensive legal mess, and makes the transfer of assets relatively simple.
To save money, you can purchase software to help walk you through creating a valid trust document, and then simply have a lawyer review it. It will still cost around $200 in lawyers fees, but that’s merely one tenth of what it could cost for a lawyer to draft the document.
Review the documents often, and update them whenever any major changes take place. Make sure your loved ones are aware of the documents, and where they can be found. Always keep copies of all important documents in a separate, secure location such as a safe deposit box.
Preparing Now will Allow you to Take Care of what Matters Most
As we look at the pictures of the damage wrought by Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Rita, and hear the tragic stories of the individuals whose lives have been affected, we are all reminded that what is truly important in our lives doesn’t have dollar signs attached. But by getting our finances in order now, if disaster does come our way, we can focus our attention on taking care of the things that matter most.